Addendum to Aniline
Assessment Values in Biological Material – Translation of the German version from 2016
Hermann Maximilian Bolt1Gabriele Leng2
Hans Drexler3 (Head of the working group “Assessment Values in Biological Material” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft)
Andrea Hartwig4 (Chair of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft)
MAK Commission5
1 Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, TU Dortmund, Ardeystraße 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
2 Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG, CUR-SIT-SER-GS-BLM – Institute for Biomonitoring, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Allee 80, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
3 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Schillerstraße 25 and 29, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
4 Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, Building 50.41, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
5 Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Kennedyallee 40, 53175 Bonn, Germany
Abstract
The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the BAT value (biological tolerance value) for aniline, considering aniline in urine to characterise the internal exposure and the methaemoglobin formation as critical effect. Available publications as well as unpublished study reports are described in detail.
In a new chamber study, 19 individuals were exposed to the present MAK‐value of 2 ml/m3 for 6 hours with defined physical activity. The background level of methaemoglobin was 0.7 ± 0.2%. At the end of exposure, an increase of up to 1.2 ± 0.3% (range 0.8–2.1%) was observed. The mean excretion of aniline in urine after hydrolysis at the end of exposure was 168 ± 52 µg/l (range 79.5–418 µg/l).
The BAT‐value relates to an air concentration of 2 ml aniline/m3 and a methaemoglobin level of 5%. Considering this study, a BAT‐value of 500 µg aniline (after hydrolysis)/l urine was evaluated. This value is a maximum concentration because of acute toxic effects of methaemoglobin. Sampling time is at the end of exposure or the end of the working shift.
For the hemoglobin adduct of aniline, a BLW (“Biologischer Leitwert”) of 100 µg aniline (released from aniline‐haemoglobin conjugate)/l blood was evaluated based on occupational‐medical experiences in field studies.
