TY  - CHAP
T1  - BCG infections
T2  - Urogenital Infections and Inflammations
AU  - Kim, Tae-Hyoung
ED  - Naber, Kurt G.
AD  - MD, PhD Tae-Hyoung Kim, Chung-Ang University, Urology, 102, Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06973, Seoul, South Korea, Phone: 82-2-10-8870-2099, E-mail: kthlmk@nate.com
N2  - Bladder cancer is commonly presented as a highly recurring superficial form. Following endoscopic resection, current practice recommends repeated intravesical instillation of the attenuated Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). BCG instillations are generally safe, with irritative voiding symptoms and flu like symptoms indicating treatment effect. However, less than 5% have presented with complications both localized and systemic. Early complications are generally systemic in nature, with low yield of microbiological diagnosis, whereas later complications tend to show granulomatous lesions, appearing later than 1 year or more since instillation. These complications are generally successfully managed with RIF, INH, and EMB, following treatment guidelines for tuberculosis. However, miliary tuberculosis may occur, requiring corticosteroid use and intensive care. Localized sites, with granulomatous mass lesions obstructing the genitourinary tract may require surgical management. The overall outcome is positive, however, in cases of vascular involvement high mortality may ensue. 
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/08/14
DO  - 10.5680/lhuii000049
LA  - en
L1  - https://books.publisso.de/en/system/getFile/428
UR  - https://dx.doi.org/10.5680/lhuii000049
L2  - https://dx.doi.org/10.5680/lhuii000049
PB  - German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
CY  - Berlin
ER  -